Millions of years ago, Yangykala Canyon lay beneath an ancient ocean. When the waters receded, they left behind a rugged canvas that wind and rain would slowly sculpt into cliffs, ridges and hollows, their contours resembling the ribs of giant sea creatures stranded in the desert.
In the remote northwest of Turkmenistan, this little-visited geological wonder stretches across the desert towards the Garabogazköl Basin. Its name translates to “Fiery Fortresses,” an apt description of the layered limestone cliffs that glow in shades of coral pink, burnt orange, crimson and yellow. Monikered the Grand Canyon of Central Asia, Yangykala is less sharply carved, with its pockmarked terrain more reminiscent of a Martian landscape.
The best way to explore this geological phenomenon is to hike across, with the Crocodile’s Mouth rock formation offering sweeping views across the canyon. For a more immersive experience, camp on the plateau and watch the rocks change colour at sunset, though nights can be bitterly cold and winds fierce.
The canyon is around a four-hour drive from Balkanabat. Rough roads require a 4x4, and visitors should carry ample water and fuel. Guided tours from Ashgabat can also be arranged.
