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On the morning of March 12, 1930, a small group stepped out of Sabarmati Ashram and began what would become one of the most influential political marches of the twentieth century. Led by Mahatma Gandhi, 78 carefully chosen volunteers started walking south towards the Arabian Sea. Their goal was simple but radical. They would challenge the British monopoly on salt.
The colonial government had imposed a tax that made it illegal for Indians to produce or collect their own salt, even along their own coastline. Gandhi chose salt because it touched every household in India, from the poorest labourer to the wealthiest merchant. Walking nearly 386 kilometres across Gujarat and ending the journey by making salt at the coastal village of Dandi, he turned a basic commodity into a dynamic symbol of resistance.
The march lasted 24 days and passed through dozens of villages and towns. At every stop, Gandhi spoke to groups of people, urging them to learn how to spin khadi, to stop buying British-made products, and travel down the road to civil disobedience. The original 78 marchers multiplied into a massive nationwide campaign that altered the course of the struggle for India's independence.
Today, on the anniversary of the day the Dandi March began, we retrace the locations the marchers passed through along their historic journey.
Gandhi initiated his Salt March from the Sabarmati Ashram along the banks of the Sabarmati River located in Ahmedabad. Built as a sanctuary for spiritual reflection and an operational base for the freedom movement in India, it was established in 1917 and served as a place for leaders, activists, and volunteers to come together in an environment where simplicity, physical work, and non-violence were of the utmost importance.
Gandhi spent weeks preparing the volunteers leading up to the March. Again, writing letters to the British government in hopes of having the salt tax revoked, but when those letters went unanswered, he decided to proceed with the March.
Early on the morning of March 12, thousands gathered outside the ashram gates as Gandhi and his companions began their walk. Gandhi famously declared that he might not return to the ashram until India achieved independence. Today, the complex houses museums, archives and preserved buildings such as Hridaya Kunj, the modest residence where Gandhi lived with his wife, Kasturba.
One of the earliest stops along the March to Dandi was at Aslali, a village approximately 20 kilometres south of Ahmedabad. This stop was significant because it provided a foundation for the rest of the walk.
People from the surrounding villages of Aslali attended the meeting with Gandhi to hear him speak regarding the injustice of the salt tax. He explained how the British salt monopoly forced people to buy heavily taxed salt, even though there was an abundance of naturally occurring salt along India's coasts.
During this stop, Gandhi also took the opportunity to discuss the principles of satyagraha with the villagers and to remind them that they must be non-violent in their protests, even if arrested or attacked. This provided the village with a foundation for developing the necessary discipline in order to participate in the massive civil disobedience movements that would soon occur throughout India.
The march then moved deeper into the fertile plains of central Gujarat and reached Nadiad, one of the most politically active towns in the region.
Nadiad had already played a role in earlier nationalist movements such as the Kheda Satyagraha of 1918, when farmers protested against high land taxes during a famine. Because of this history, Gandhi received a particularly enthusiastic welcome here.
Large public meetings were held at which Gandhi spoke about self-reliance and urged people to boycott British goods. Merchants, farmers, and students joined the growing procession. This stop helped transform the march from a symbolic protest into a mass mobilisation.
From Nadiad, the march continued to Anand, a town surrounded by agricultural villages. Today, Anand is widely known as the centre of India’s dairy cooperative movement, but in 1930, it was already a bustling market town that connected rural communities.
Gandhi used his speeches here to emphasise the role of villages in India’s freedom struggle. He urged people to adopt khadi, reject imported British cloth, and support local industries.
Many residents of Anand joined the march for short stretches, while others organised food and shelter for the travelling satyagrahis. These gestures of support became a pattern along the entire route.
Another key halt was Borsad, a town that already had a reputation for political resistance.
In the early 1920s, Borsad had witnessed strong protests against unjust taxation imposed by colonial authorities. Because of this legacy, the town welcomed Gandhi as a hero of rural resistance.
During his stay, Gandhi addressed large gatherings in open fields and reminded villagers that the success of the Salt Satyagraha depended on widespread participation. His speeches encouraged farmers and labourers to see themselves as active participants in the freedom movement rather than passive observers.
When the march continued southward from Vadodara, the marchers arrived at Ankleshwar, one of the oldest towns in India, located by the banks of the Narmada River.
Historically, Ankleshwar has been an important trade centre due to the major routes that pass through it, connecting inland Gujarat with coastal ports. By the time Gandhi arrived in Ankleshwar, news of the Dandi March had spread widely in the area, and people were waiting along the roadsides to see and greet the marchers. Volunteers organised meetings where Gandhi spoke about how breaking the Salt Tax Law would be the first step in a larger campaign of civil disobedience against British rule.
As the march approached southern Gujarat, it passed through the region around Surat, one of the state’s oldest and most historically significant cities.
During the Mughal Era, Surat was an essential port for trade and eventually became a hub of political activity during the nationalist movements. With the march led by Gandhi entering the neighbouring villages, there was a huge wave of excitement.
The cities along the route were filled with crowds welcoming the marchers with flowers and chanting patriotic slogans. Multiple villages held meetings where Gandhi instructed ordinary individuals on how to participate in the protest through the production of their own salt or by refusing to pay colonial taxation.
Near the end of the journey, Gandhi stayed in Karadi, a village close to the coast.
Karadi became an important base during the later phase of the Salt Satyagraha. Gandhi remained here for several weeks after the historic act at Dandi and began planning further campaigns against British salt depots.
The British authorities grew increasingly concerned about the growing movement. In May 1930, Gandhi was arrested at Karadi in the middle of the night, an event that triggered widespread protests across the country.
The march ended on April 6, 1930, in the small coastal village of Dandi.
Gandhi, along with a large number of people, walked to the ocean at dawn. He picked up a piece of salt dirt as a symbolic act of breaking the British law regarding salt.
This act of nature had far-reaching effects throughout the country. Millions of Indians began producing their own salt, boycotting British goods, and engaging in acts of civil disobedience.
Today, there is a memorial commemorating the National Salt Satyagraha with sculptures and installations honouring both the marchers with Gandhi as well as the many everyday Indians who supported the movement.
1. When did the Dandi March begin?
The Dandi March began on March 12, 1930, when Mahatma Gandhi left Sabarmati Ashram with 78 volunteers.
2. How long was the Dandi March route?
The march covered around 386 kilometres across Gujarat from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi on the Arabian Sea coast.
3. Why did Gandhi choose salt as the focus of the protest?
Salt was a daily necessity for every Indian. By challenging the British salt tax, Gandhi made the protest relatable to the masses.
4. How long did the Dandi March take?
The journey lasted 24 days, ending on April 6, 1930, when Gandhi broke the salt law at Dandi.
5. Can travellers visit the Dandi March route today?
Yes. Several locations along the Sabarmati to Dandi route have been preserved as heritage sites linked to India’s freedom movement.
