Sitting dramatically atop a 525-metre cliff in Cambodia's Dângrêk Mountains, the ancient Hindu Temple of Preah Vihear is an outstanding masterpiece which was built by the Khmer Emperor. It is dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva and was constructed between the 9th and 12th centuries. A contemporary of the Angkor Wat, this is a lesser known UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2008. Although bearing a disputed border history, its remote location and in addition to the history and scenic offerings make it a profound and sought-after destination. Here is everything you need to know before embarking on a trip to this lesser known gem.
Preah Vihear was originally founded as a Hindu hermitage around the 9th century and later developed under Khmer kings such as Yasovarman I, Suryavarman I, and Suryavarman II. The existing stone complex, built mainly in the 11th and 12th centuries, follows an unusual north–south axis. It stretches along an 800-metre elevated causeway linking five sanctuaries, each centrepiece showcasing finely carved lintels, reliefs, and columns.
Constructed to echo Mount Meru—the cosmic axis in Hindu cosmology—the temple is uniquely adapted to its precarious hilltop setting. Its sandstone towers and galleries rise organically from the plateau’s edge, creating an imposing silhouette against the sky.
Situated in the Choam Khsant District, Preah Vihear overlooks the unending plains of Cambodia and Thailand. Its tricky position at a cliff's edge makes for visceral views along the border, making it one of the most spectacular Khmer sites. When one visits the sanctuaries, one is confronted with various vantage points, some rising over 1,700 ft above the surrounding countryside.
The remote mountain environment ensures clear lines of sight and minimal light pollution which is ideal for photography.
It was in the year 2008 that Preah Vihear was recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and celebrated widely for its outstanding Khmer architectural role and state of preservation despite its isolated location. The temple's precarious position near the Thailand border sparked what has now been a longstanding territorial dispute. In 1962, the International Court of Justice confirmed its location within Cambodia. Later, Thailand challenged the surrounding areas which culminated in a reaffirming verdict in 2013. Until today, the site remains lightly militarised on both sides even though peace largely prevails.
Preah Vihear is approximately 100 km northeast of Siem Reap (a two-hour drive) and 418 km from Phnom Penh. Most visitors depart from Siem Reap, with the final ascent requiring a 4x4 or motorcycle due to the steep, winding access road.
A GPS-enabled scooter can manage the climb more easily, but small pickup trucks or four-wheel drives are common. Visitors pay a USD 10 entrance fee; transport from the ticket booth costs around USD 5 for motorcycles or USD 25 for vehicles. Carry IDs which is mandatory for admission.
The prime visiting season is between November and April, when dry weather ensures clear skies and easy trekking conditions. Early morning visits are ideal—crowds are smaller, and the light beautifully illuminates the temple’s carved reliefs and dramatic cliff face.
The Khmer identity and spirituality are profoundly symbolised by Preah Vihear. The complex contains rooms that were formerly used for worship and meditation, as well as ornamental relief panels that show legendary stories and ceremonies that speak to a civilisation in communication with its divine essence.
The temple is both an archaeological wonder and a living cultural emblem, and conservation initiatives by UNESCO and Cambodian authorities have taken steps to shield this fragile sandstone structure from natural deterioration and human damage.
A vacation to Preah Vihear is an adventure into the core of Khmer culture, architecture, and the natural world. There isn't much shade, so pack plenty of drink, sturdy shoes, and sunscreen. Respect the site's pristine holiness by not climbing on carvings, observing prohibited areas, and kneeling at prayer locations.
Consider spending the night at Sra'em (30 km away) or taking a full-day excursion from Siem Reap. Efforts made with isolation, perspective, and a sense of unity with environment and history are rewarded in Preah Vihear.
