National Sports Day is here and on this occasion it is important to iterate how adventure sports can significantly harm local habitats through deforestation, soil erosion, pollution, and disturbance to wildlife. Building trails and resorts often leads to habitat loss, while activities like hiking and cycling cause soil compaction and damage to vegetation, especially in fragile ecosystems. Motorised sports contribute to air and noise pollution, and waste left behind further degrades the environment. Wildlife, big and small, is affected by noise and human presence, disrupting natural behaviours, and invasive pathogens introduced via equipment pose additional risks. Water-based activities can pollute aquatic ecosystems. Outdoor sports pose serious environmental challenges, as highlighted by studies like the TechSci Research Report (2025). The report warns that high participant volumes in natural settings lead to degraded ecosystems, damaged wildlife habitats, and increased waste.
Mitigating these effects requires sustainable practices and strict regulations. Operators should promote waste reduction, energy efficiency, and eco-friendly gear, while respecting protected areas to preserve sensitive habitats. Since these environments are the homes of countless species and trees, it is vital that adventure enthusiasts choose activities that minimise harm. Responsible outdoor recreation protects the integrity of these ecosystems and the diverse life they support. On National Sports Day, we have curated a list of outdoor sports in India that balance adventure with ecological sensitivity and promote sustainable interactions with nature.
Kayaking can harm the environment by damaging aquatic plants and riverbanks, disturbing wildlife, spreading invasive species on gear, and causing pollution through litter. Responsible practices—such as careful planning, following Leave No Trace principles, and thoroughly cleaning equipment—are essential to minimise these impacts and protect fragile aquatic ecosystems. Paddle strokes can uproot plants, spreading fragments that may become invasive, so maintaining awareness and care during kayaking helps preserve the natural balance and health of waterways. India offers numerous kayaking and canoeing opportunities integrated with environmental awareness, with organised clean-up efforts.
The tranquil backwaters of Kerala, including Alleppey and Kumarakom, provide calm canals where guided tours often combine paddling with debris collection. Similarly, the mangrove forests of Pichavaram and Paravur in Tamil Nadu offer eco-tourism experiences that promote conservation. To ensure an environmentally sound experience, it is important to choose local operators who prioritise sustainable practices and support community-led clean-up initiatives, helping preserve these fragile habitats while enjoying the adventure.
The environmental impact of surfing goes beyond the sport itself—everything from surfboards to wetsuits can leave a damaging footprint. Traditional boards made from PU or epoxy offer high performance but are made using toxic materials and processes that release harmful by-products. Though bio-resin boards are marketed as eco-friendly, their production can still be polluting for oceans. More sustainable options include boards made from bamboo, cork, wood, or paulownia, which are durable and increasingly high-performing. Wetsuits made of neoprene—a non-biodegradable, petroleum- or limestone-based material—are also harmful. Fortunately, alternatives like Yulex and recycled fabrics are gaining traction. Even surf wax is evolving, with surfers choosing eco-friendly or homemade options over petroleum-based waxes.
Choose smaller surf clubs like The Shaka Surf Club in Kodi Bengre, Karnataka—founded by India’s first professional female surfer, Ishita Malaviya. This surf school promotes inclusive surfing while supporting local youth through community-driven programmes. Located on a scenic strip of land between the Suvarna River and the Arabian Sea, the club offers an immersive surf camp experience rooted in village life. Guests stay in cosy tents, enjoy home-cooked meals by local families, and take part in activities like river swimming, coconut tree climbing, and fishing. The club fosters deep ties with the community, living by its guiding spirit of “Shaka Ohana.”
Paragliding is generally considered an environmentally friendly sport, as it is non-motorised and relies entirely on natural air currents, producing no fuel emissions or pollution. However, it can still have some impact—such as disturbing wildlife, damaging vegetation at take-off and landing sites, and potentially spreading invasive species through gear and clothing. Though minor compared to hiking or general travel, this risk should not be ignored. Pilots can reduce their impact by thoroughly cleaning all equipment and bags, avoiding sensitive ecosystems, and supporting sustainable practices within the community. With mindful planning and responsible action, paragliding can remain a low-impact way to enjoy nature.
For paragliding in India, consider destinations such as Bir Billing, known for its strong eco-tourism initiatives, or Vagamon and Pithoragarh, which offer nature-focused experiences with limited commercial development. When choosing a tour operator, look into their environmental practices—ensure they manage waste responsibly, minimise ecological disruption, and ideally collaborate with local conservation groups. Supporting operators who prioritise sustainability helps protect these fragile landscapes.
Rock climbing is an outdoor sport with a relatively low environmental footprint, particularly when climbers stick to established routes and minimise the use of chalk, which can alter the appearance of natural rock faces and affect lichen growth. It requires minimal infrastructure and, when practised responsibly, causes little long-term damage to the environment.
In Hampi, Karnataka, climbers can explore a vast landscape of naturally weathered granite boulders. The area has become a hub for bouldering, with local and international climbing groups promoting sustainable practices and respect for the landscape. By choosing operators and areas that prioritise environmental responsibility, climbers can enjoy the sport while preserving the natural beauty of India’s unique geological landscapes.
Hiking and nature walks are among the most environmentally friendly outdoor activities, particularly when done on established trails. With minimal equipment, no fuel use, and low infrastructure needs, they offer a quiet way to explore nature without leaving a heavy footprint. Responsible hiking avoids disturbing wildlife, trampling vegetation, or creating new paths. For a truly low-impact experience, opt for community-led treks or those organised by forest departments, which help ensure environmental integrity while supporting local livelihoods.
Tirthan Valley in Himachal Pradesh, located within the Great Himalayan National Park, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The park enforces strict conservation rules and offers forest department-guided treks that support habitat protection and local communities. In Tadiandamol, Coorg (Karnataka), hikers can explore misty forests and rolling hills through trails often led by local guides or homestay operators involved in eco-tourism. These walks offer insight into the region’s biodiversity and culture.
