Tucked silently away in the Al-Baha region of southwest Saudi Arabia, the heritage village of Dhee Ayn, also known as Thee Ain or Zed Ain, is a 400-year-old, ancient, fortified settlement. Its dense history and eye-catching white-stone buildings never cease to amuse tourists, rendering them with as much visual excess as historical delight. Perched atop a dazzling marble hill, making for a unique window in the Kingdom's iconic past, this abandoned hamlet at once conflates natural beauty with cultural value.
While some sources suggest earlier settlements, the traceable origins of Dhee Ayn goes as far back as the 17th century. The village's name comes from a spring (or ayn in Arabic) that flows through the nearby mountains, rendering the area's agriculture and daily life with a vital dependency for sustenance. Over the centuries, Dhee Ayn underwent various historical shifts, including conflicts between local tribes and Ottoman forces. Eventually in the 20th century, the village was abandoned altogether, yet its structures remain remarkably intact and preserved, offering a glimpse into the traditional Saudi Arabian architecture and community life.
The town consists of 49 multi-story homes made of polished stones, a process called "Madamek." The thick walls (which range from 70 to 90 cm) of these buildings—some of which have four floors—act as insulation against the region's severe temperatures. The flat roofs on top of the houses are held up by wooden beams, which are frequently fashioned from cedar or other native plants. In addition to giving the town its unique look, the use of white marble keeps the interiors cool by reflecting sunshine.
Despite its rather sparse surroundings, Dhee Ayn boasts a lush agricultural landscape owing to its perennial spring. Adorned with banana trees, basil, kadi flowers and palm groves, the terraces of the village shine through in their environs. Not only were these crops pivotal in sustaining the local population, they also contributed significantly to the region's economy. Today, the verdant fields next to the white stone structures paint a mesmerising juxtaposition, creating a fertile setting for tourists and photographers alike.
Beyond simply being a marvel of architecture, Dhee Ayn is a symbol of the tenacity and resourcefulness of its people. The village's design, which includes communal areas, a central mosque, and little pathways connecting residences, represents a close-knit community. A harmonious interaction between people and their environment is demonstrated by the incorporation of natural resources, such as the marble hill and spring, into everyday life.
Saudi authorities have taken action to preserve Dhee Ayn because they acknowledge its historical and cultural significance. The village's importance as a cultural monument is highlighted by its inclusion on the tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The goal of restoration projects is to preserve the buildings' structural soundness while allowing people to access the location. These initiatives guarantee that the village's legacy will be appreciated by future generations.
Located approximately 24 km from Al-Baha city, Dhee Ayn is accessible via a scenic drive through the Sarawat Mountains. Visitors are advised to wear comfortable footwear, as exploring the village involves walking along uneven paths and climbing stairs.
The best times to visit are during the cooler months, from October to March, when the weather is mild.
While there are no accommodations within the village, nearby Al-Baha offers various lodging options.
Dhee Ayn is located approximately 30 km from the city of Al Bahah, on the Mikhwah road, and is known for the scenic drive involving numerous tunnels. Nearby places to visit in the Al Bahah region include Raghadan Forest Park and Prince Hussam Park.
