Spelunking Into Krem Puri, The World's Longest Sandstone Cave, In Meghalaya

Krem Puri, The World's Longest Sandstone Cave | You probably already know that the northeast Indian state of Meghalaya is the wettest territory in the country, but did you know which specific region gets the most rainfall? It’s not Cherrapunji (or Sohra, as it is officially called), but the town of Mawsynram in the East Khasi Hills district, 60 km from Shillong.

Besides being the wettest place on Earth, Mawsnyram is known for its jungles and nature trails, cascading waterfalls, protected population of hoolock gibbons, Umkhakoi Lake and large caves like Mawjymbuin.

In fact, the longest sandstone cave in the world can be found in Mawsynram, too. Discovered in 2016, Krem Puri is a 24.5 km long cave with a very narrow entrance. Literally translated as “fairy cave,” the subterranean vault has become a major attraction for adventure seekers, nature enthusiasts and curious travellers from all over the world.

The Krem Puri Caves Of Meghalaya

Close to Laitsohum village, Krem Puri has intricate passageways and corridors that can confuse even the most expert speleologists (people who study and explore caves). This is why all visitors to the cave, regardless of expertise level, venture together in groups with sophisticated equipment and guides.

Caves harbour a wide range of wildlife, and Krem Puri is no different. Aside from frogs, Huntsman spiders, bats and fish, the cave has a rich collection of ancient dinosaur fossils from 66 to 76 million years ago. The identification of a few shark teeth hints at their relation to marine dinosaurs—common animals that populated the sea more than 60 million years ago. Many are in areas of the cave that are extremely difficult and dangerous to reach.

Speleologists have given names to some striking landmarks during their explorations of Krem Puri. The Great White Shark is an imposing, grey rock which resembles a shark and seems to float in the middle of a canyon. The brittle sandstone ledges make walking a real challenge on Suicide Ledge Canyon. Meanwhile, the Tight Crawl and Dangerous Boulders are exactly what they say on the tin.

Inside Krem Puri, the temperature is always a balmy 16-17 degrees Celsius, no matter what the temperature is outside. There's no shortage of oxygen because air flows in through small openings, cracks and two entrances.

What makes Krem Puri particularly unique is its sandstone nature. Caves are usually formed by the dissolution of limestone. When rainwater picks up carbon dioxide from the air, it becomes a weak acid and dissolves the rock. Caves in sandstone are not common because the rock has low solubility. Therefore, they need high amounts of water to erode and create underground voids.

Meghalaya experiences some of the highest amounts of rainfall in the world, so experts say it is not entirely surprising that caves in sandstone can develop here.  

Things To Do In Krem Puri

• Caving expeditions: Embark on a guided tour led by experts who will help you navigate the intricate network of passages and witness the stunning formations of Krem Puri.

• Trekking: If you want to explore the Krem Puri caves, the journey to the entrance involves hiking or trekking through the lush forests and enchanting landscape, depending on the route you take.

• Photography: The surreal rock formations, intriguing play of lights and shadows, and the raw beauty of a subterranean world are the perfect playground for a photographer.

• Birdwatching: The surrounding environment of Krem Puri is rich in biodiversity, thus making it an excellent spot for birdwatching. Try spotting the variety of birds in their natural habitat and try to capture them with your camera.

• Cultural engagement: The caves are located in the heart of Meghalaya, a state known for its vibrant tribal culture. Tourists have the chance to interact with the Khasi and Jaintia tribes, immersing themselves in the customs, traditions and way of life of these indigenous communities.

Places To Visit Near Krem Puri

Khreng Khreng Waterfall

Surrounded by lush greenery and dramatic cliffs, this waterfall creates a serene ambience that showcases nature's untouched beauty. The pathway leading to the falls is encapsulated by thick forests, which provide a habitat for diverse flora and fauna. As the water plunges down the rugged cliffs, it creates a misty atmosphere, often producing rainbows when sunlight pierces through.

Mawjymbuin Cave

Known for its impressive stalagmites and stalactites, this natural wonder is situated atop a hill and is formed entirely out of calcareous sandstones. Inside the cave, a striking feature is a massive stalagmite, which has been shaped by nature into a Shiva lingam. Natural light filtering through various openings illuminates the cave's interior, allowing visitors to marvel at its stunning rock formations and mineral deposits.

Best Time To Visit Krem Puri

The best time to visit Krem Puri is from May to September. This is because of the pleasant weather that prevails in Mawsnyram during this time.

How To Reach Krem Puri

From Shillong, Mawsynram can be reached by car or bus (60 km). Once at Mawsynram, look for a small sign indicating Krem Puri and follow the road. The hike to the cave mouth takes about 20 minutes.