The Ajanta Caves encompass 30 complexes featuring viharas (worship halls) and monasteries embellished with paintings depicting the life of Lord Buddha. Situated over 100km from Aurangabad amidst the arid topography and volcanic provinces of the Deccan Plateau, they are the remnants of a Buddhist monastery complex of immense historical significance and vast proportions. Originally home to hundreds of monks on a quest for truth and knowledge, the site today draws pilgrims and tourists who come to witness the most outstanding example of Classical Buddhist art and architecture in the world. The caves at Ajanta were deliberately constructed to provide a peaceful environment for Buddhist monks, strategically located to keep them hidden and undisturbed. It is believed that each cave had its private staircase leading to the river below, although these steps have eroded over time and no longer exist. Historians assert that these caves were built in the 2nd century BCE during the Hinayana era, the earliest phase of Buddhism. As Buddhism waned in this region around the 5th century CE, the caves were eventually abandoned.