India's introduction of the e-passport is the symbolic beginning of a new era in travel paperwork. The e-passport, introduced as part of the Ministry of External Affairs' Passport Seva Program 2.0, is representative of a significant technological shift from the preexisting booklets to documents that are digitally improved and consistent with international standards. The system has already spread throughout the nation following its April 2024 experimental implementation, with some passport offices currently issuing the updated version and more centres progressively implementing it.
The appearance and feel of an e-passport are comparable to that of a traditional Indian passport, but they use contemporary technology to improve security and facilitate international travel. An antenna and a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) chip are integrated into its cover. By storing the passport holder's biometric information, such as fingerprints and a digital photo, on the chip, the document becomes far more difficult to falsify or alter. A tiny, gold-coloured emblem written beneath the phrase "Passport" on the cover helps identify e-passports from the outside. Crucially, they are accepted worldwide since they adhere to the International Civil Aviation Organization's (ICAO) requirements.
Only a few Passport Seva Kendras in Chennai, Hyderabad, Bhubaneswar, Surat, Nagpur, Goa, Jammu, Shimla, Raipur, Amritsar, Jaipur, Ranchi, and Delhi were included in the original launch. However, the government confirmed the nationwide launch of Passport Seva 2.0 in June 2025. As part of the updated service, citizens nationwide will now be able to apply for e-passports, even though not all centres may be fully furnished at once. Since current documents are valid until they expire, those who currently possess a valid regular passport do not need to update it right away.
The eligibility criteria for the e-passport remains identical to that of the standard version. Any Indian citizen who can apply for a passport is also eligible for an e-passport. The list of required documents remains unchanged as well. Applicants must produce their proof of identity, address, and date of birth, and they are required to undergo biometric capture and verification in person at the passport office.
The application process has been kept straightforward. Citizens must begin by visiting the Passport Seva portal online, where they can register or log in with an existing account. After filling in the application form, the applicant selects the preferred Passport Seva Kendra or Post Office Passport Seva Kendra for processing. The next step is payment of the prescribed fees through the portal, followed by scheduling an appointment. On the chosen date, the applicant must attend the centre with the required documents, where officials will complete verification and capture biometric details before issuing the e-passport.
The administration has highlighted a number of the new system's advantages. Since the information on the RFID chip is difficult to change or falsify, improved security is among the most important benefits. More accurate information verification by immigration officials around the world lowers the possibility of forged travel documents. Additionally, travellers should anticipate quicker airport processing, especially in nations that use automated e-gates that work with chip-based passports. India now complies with international standards, guaranteeing that its passports are accepted everywhere without any problems. Additionally, the e-passport provides enhanced protection for citizens against identity theft by combining electronic and biometric elements.
The e-passport is a component of a broader plan to digitise and upgrade passport services in India. In addition to enhancing security, the government's Passport Seva Program 2.0 aims to increase application and verification process efficiency. While the new format will take some time to reach every citizen, its nationwide rollout demonstrates India’s commitment to bringing its travel documentation in line with international standards. While people having genuine regular booklets can continue to use them without any issues, citizens can currently choose to use the enhanced version when applying for new passports or renewing existing ones at specific centres.
1. What is an e-passport in India?
An e-passport is a modern travel document with an embedded RFID chip that stores biometric and personal data. It enhances security, prevents forgery, and speeds up immigration checks.
2. How is an e-passport different from a regular passport?
While similar in appearance, the e-passport includes a digital chip and antenna. It can be recognised by a gold symbol on the cover and complies with ICAO international standards.
3. Who is eligible for an e-passport in India?
All Indian citizens eligible for a regular passport are also eligible for an e-passport. The application requirements and supporting documents remain the same.
4. How can I apply for an e-passport?
Applications are submitted online through the Passport Seva portal. After filling the form, paying the fee, and booking an appointment, applicants must visit the passport office for verification and biometric capture.
5. Do I need to replace my existing passport with an e-passport?
No. Existing passports remain valid until their expiry. Citizens can apply for an e-passport when renewing or applying for a new passport.
6. What are the main benefits of an e-passport?
The e-passport enhances data security, prevents tampering, allows faster immigration at e-gates, and ensures global recognition as per ICAO standards.
7. Where are e-passports available in India?
The service began at select Passport Seva Kendras in cities such as Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, and Bhubaneswar, and has now been rolled out nationwide under Passport Seva 2.0.
(With inputs from various sources.)